Currently, only around 1% of buildings undergo energy-efficient renovation annually, while over 75% of the existing stock remains inefficient. Renovation Passports — detailed, tailored roadmaps guiding building owners through staged upgrades towards Zero-Emission Building (ZEB) standards — are seen as a vital tool. Several Member States already have schemes in place, though only about a quarter have at least partially implemented them. The key recommendation is that EPCs and Renovation Passports should be integrated rather than treated as separate instruments.
EPC Layout, Calculation & Rescaling
Member States are working to update their EPC frameworks by 2026, aligning with a standardised A–G rating scale where Class A represents a Zero-Emission Building. This involves updating calculation methodologies to reference primary energy use, incorporating sustainability indicators such as Global Warming Potential (GWP) and ensuring EPCs are digital and machine-readable. The transition poses technical and communication challenges, particularly as rating changes may affect property values and market perception.
EPC Data & Databases
Almost all Member States have established EPC databases, but their scope, structure and interoperability vary considerably. The recast EPBD now mandates mandatory EPC databases with broader data exchange capabilities and public accessibility. Key challenges include ensuring GDPR compliance, improving data quality and integrating EPC databases with Renovation Passports, digital building logbooks and the EU Building Stock Observatory. EPC databases are increasingly being used to support policy monitoring, financial incentives and renovation planning.